CODE SWITCHING IN ESP CLASSROOM CONVERSATION: A FOCUS ON LECTURER-STUDENTS INTERACTION AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58487/akrabjuara.v6i2.1454Keywords:
code switching, interaction at the University level, lecturer-students interactionAbstract
The study was conducted in order to figure out (1) the types of code switching; (2) the functions and the situation of code switching occurrence in the classroom conversation between the lecturer and the students. The data of this descriptive qualitative study were collected through classroom observation towards students majoring in Biology. The result of the study showed (1) almost all types of code switching were used by the lecturer and the students in the conversation with the exception that the lecturer did not have a change of intonation; (2) the switching mostly occurred in whilst teaching session such as discussion and questions and answers session; (3) the students switched their code for fulfilling the functions such as for doing unofficial interaction, expressing emotion, reiterating, and giving command; (4) the functions of the lecturer’s code switching were for clarification, self-correction, calling for attention, and explanation.
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References
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Beebe, L. M. (ed.). 1988. Issues in second language acquisition: multiple perspectives. London: Newbury.
Bloom, J. P., & J. Gumperz. 1972. Social meaning in linguistics structure: code switching in Norway. In Gumperz, J. Directions in Sociolinguistics: the Ethnography of Communication. Oxford: Blackwell.
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Creswell, John W. 2008. Educational Research (3rd edition). New Jersey: Pearson Edu, Ltd.
Crystal, D. 1987. The Cambridge encyclopedia of language. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
Eldridge, J. 1996. Code-switching in a Turkish secondary school. ELT Journal, 50,4: 303-311.
Fakharzadeh, M. 2009. Why’s of pro-first language use arguments in ESP context. ESP World Issue 5, vol 8, pp. 26.
Gardner-Chloros, P. and Finnis, K. 2003. How code-switching mediates politeness: Gender-related speech among London Greek Cypriots. Estudios de Sociolinguistica, vol. 4, 2.
Grosjean, F. 1982. Life with two languages. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Hall, G. & G. Cook. 2013. Own-language use in language teaching and learning. Language Teaching, vol 45, no. 3, pp. 271-308.
Hoffman, C. (1991). Introduction to Bilingualism. New York: Longman.Holmes, J. 2001. An introduction to Sociolinguistics. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Iragiliati, E. 2008. Utterance Patterns and Politeness Strategies in Indonesian Medical Discourse. Michigan: ProQuest company.
Jendra, M. I. I. 2010. Sociolinguistics: the study of societies’ languages. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Johnson, B., & L. Christensen. 2004. Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches (2nd Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Krashen, S. 1981. Second language acquisition and second language learning. California: Pergamon press, Inc.
Mahootian, S. 2006. Code switching and mixing. Encyclopedia of language & Linguistics, vol. 2, pp. 511–527.
Mäkilähde, A. 2012. The forms and functions of multilingual practices in early modern school drama from the King’s School, Canterbury. Unpublished Thesis of Graduated Program. University of Turku. (Online) Available: https://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/mäkilähde2012.pdf. Retrieved on August 23th, 2014.
Hamid, S. M. 2016. Code Switching between the Teachers and the Students of the Conversation. Exposure: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 174-195.
Mattsson, A & Burenhult-Mattsson, N. (1999). Code-switching in second language teaching of French. Working Papers 47: 59-72.
Maxwell, J. A. 2002. Understanding and validity in qualitative research. In A. M. Huberman & M. B. Miles (Eds.), The qualitative researcher's companion (pp. 37â€64). Thousand Oaks & London: Sage Publications.
Ogane, E. 1997. Code Switching in EFL learner Discourse. JALT Journal, 19 (1):107-121.
Pradina, A. F., Y. Soeriasoemantri, & Heriyanto. 2013. Code-switching as the Positive Politeness Strategies in Indonesian 4th Grade Students’ Conversation. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 3, no. 23.
Poplack, S. 1987. Contrating pattern of code switching in two communities. In E. Wande, J. Anward, B. Nordberg, L. Steensland, and M. Thelander (eds), Aspects of bilingualism: proceedings from the fourth nordic symphosium on bilingualism, 1984. Uppsala: Borgstorm, Motala, 51-76.
Romaine, S. 1995. (2nd ed.) Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Tang, J.(2002). Using L1 in the English classroom. English teaching forum, 40(1), pp.36- 43.
Tien, C and Liu, K. (2006). Code-switching in two efl classes in Taiwan. In Azirah Hashim & Norizah Hassan. (Eds). English in Southeast Asia: prospects, perspectives and possibilities. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya Press.
Trudgill, P. 2000. Sociolinguistics. London: Penguin.
Wei, L. 1998. The ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching. In P. Auer (ed.). Code-switching in conversation: language, interaction and identity. pp. 156-76. London: Routledge.
Yao, M. 2011. On attitudes to teachers’ code-switching in EFL classes. World Journal of English Language, 1(1): 19-28.
Yletyinen, H. 2004. The functions of code switching in EFL classroom discourse. Unpublished Thesis of Post Graduated Program. University of Jyvaskyla. (Online) Available: https://jyx.jyu.fi/dspace/123456789/G0000707.pdf. Retrieved on August 23th, 2014.
Yule, G. 1996. Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Beebe, L. M. (ed.). 1988. Issues in second language acquisition: multiple perspectives. London: Newbury.
Bloom, J. P., & J. Gumperz. 1972. Social meaning in linguistics structure: code switching in Norway. In Gumperz, J. Directions in Sociolinguistics: the Ethnography of Communication. Oxford: Blackwell.
Brown, P., and Levinson, S. C. 2004. Politeness. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.
Chi, W.C. 2000. The Importance of bilingual teachers to Chinese-oriented AMEP Learners. Paper presented at the AMEP Conference 2000. [Online] Available: http://www.nceltr.mq.edu.au/conference2000. Retrieved on August 23th, 2014.
Clyne, M. 1991. Community languages: the Australian experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Creswell, John W. 2008. Educational Research (3rd edition). New Jersey: Pearson Edu, Ltd.
Crystal, D. 1987. The Cambridge encyclopedia of language. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.
Eldridge, J. 1996. Code-switching in a Turkish secondary school. ELT Journal, 50,4: 303-311.
Fakharzadeh, M. 2009. Why’s of pro-first language use arguments in ESP context. ESP World Issue 5, vol 8, pp. 26.
Gardner-Chloros, P. and Finnis, K. 2003. How code-switching mediates politeness: Gender-related speech among London Greek Cypriots. Estudios de Sociolinguistica, vol. 4, 2.
Grosjean, F. 1982. Life with two languages. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Hall, G. & G. Cook. 2013. Own-language use in language teaching and learning. Language Teaching, vol 45, no. 3, pp. 271-308.
Hoffman, C. (1991). Introduction to Bilingualism. New York: Longman.Holmes, J. 2001. An introduction to Sociolinguistics. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Iragiliati, E. 2008. Utterance Patterns and Politeness Strategies in Indonesian Medical Discourse. Michigan: ProQuest company.
Jendra, M. I. I. 2010. Sociolinguistics: the study of societies’ languages. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Johnson, B., & L. Christensen. 2004. Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches (2nd Edition). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Krashen, S. 1981. Second language acquisition and second language learning. California: Pergamon press, Inc.
Mahootian, S. 2006. Code switching and mixing. Encyclopedia of language & Linguistics, vol. 2, pp. 511–527.
Mäkilähde, A. 2012. The forms and functions of multilingual practices in early modern school drama from the King’s School, Canterbury. Unpublished Thesis of Graduated Program. University of Turku. (Online) Available: https://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/mäkilähde2012.pdf. Retrieved on August 23th, 2014.
Hamid, S. M. 2016. Code Switching between the Teachers and the Students of the Conversation. Exposure: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 174-195.
Mattsson, A & Burenhult-Mattsson, N. (1999). Code-switching in second language teaching of French. Working Papers 47: 59-72.
Maxwell, J. A. 2002. Understanding and validity in qualitative research. In A. M. Huberman & M. B. Miles (Eds.), The qualitative researcher's companion (pp. 37â€64). Thousand Oaks & London: Sage Publications.
Ogane, E. 1997. Code Switching in EFL learner Discourse. JALT Journal, 19 (1):107-121.
Pradina, A. F., Y. Soeriasoemantri, & Heriyanto. 2013. Code-switching as the Positive Politeness Strategies in Indonesian 4th Grade Students’ Conversation. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 3, no. 23.
Poplack, S. 1987. Contrating pattern of code switching in two communities. In E. Wande, J. Anward, B. Nordberg, L. Steensland, and M. Thelander (eds), Aspects of bilingualism: proceedings from the fourth nordic symphosium on bilingualism, 1984. Uppsala: Borgstorm, Motala, 51-76.
Romaine, S. 1995. (2nd ed.) Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Tang, J.(2002). Using L1 in the English classroom. English teaching forum, 40(1), pp.36- 43.
Tien, C and Liu, K. (2006). Code-switching in two efl classes in Taiwan. In Azirah Hashim & Norizah Hassan. (Eds). English in Southeast Asia: prospects, perspectives and possibilities. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya Press.
Trudgill, P. 2000. Sociolinguistics. London: Penguin.
Wei, L. 1998. The ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions in the analysis of conversational code-switching. In P. Auer (ed.). Code-switching in conversation: language, interaction and identity. pp. 156-76. London: Routledge.
Yao, M. 2011. On attitudes to teachers’ code-switching in EFL classes. World Journal of English Language, 1(1): 19-28.
Yletyinen, H. 2004. The functions of code switching in EFL classroom discourse. Unpublished Thesis of Post Graduated Program. University of Jyvaskyla. (Online) Available: https://jyx.jyu.fi/dspace/123456789/G0000707.pdf. Retrieved on August 23th, 2014.
Yule, G. 1996. Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Published
2021-05-05
How to Cite
Ayati, I., & Widyastuti, T. (2021). CODE SWITCHING IN ESP CLASSROOM CONVERSATION: A FOCUS ON LECTURER-STUDENTS INTERACTION AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL. Akrab Juara : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 6(2), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.58487/akrabjuara.v6i2.1454
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